This is my fourth, and possibly last, conversation with Claude's Opus 4.5 about the B-theory of time. I continue from the previous chat and are now going to explore the attributes of an external explanation for the universe. Rather than me positing any possible attributes, I asked Opus to extrapolate from the rational conclusions of... Continue Reading →
How B-Theory’s Own Commitments Demand an External Cause
This is my third conversation with Claude's most advanced model - Opus 4.5 - on the B-theory of time and its implications on possible explanations for the universe. This chat builds on the previous two and summarises and lays out the premises. I state very clearly my value-commitments, metaphysical intuitions and unquestioned rational premises. And... Continue Reading →
No Universe Can Explain Itself from Within: A Problem for B-Theory
This is the second part of my conversation with Claude’s currently most advanced AI model, Opus 4.5, on the B-theory of time. In the previous conversation, I was challenging Opus on the compatibility of the B-theory with the idea of an eternal or infinite universe. In this chat, I explore whether the B-theory actually breaks... Continue Reading →
Why B-Theory Implies a Finite Universe
The below is a conversation with Claude’s most advanced AI model currently available - Opus 4.5. The B-theory of time is sometimes brought up to refute the ‘kalam cosmological argument’ because it problematises the claim to a ‘beginning’ of the universe. Insha Allah, I will explore this criticism more thoroughly later but the below chat... Continue Reading →
The best form of da‘wah: Haskafi on Jizyah
Studying fiqh poses challenges for modern Muslims, who often adapt Islamic law to fit secular perspectives. Traditional fiqh manuals illustrate a time when Muslims confidently practised shari'ah. Imam Haskafi’s insights on jizyah highlight its role as a form of da’wah, showcasing Islamic justice. Understanding these principles is vital for re-evaluating contemporary Islamic thought.